In the wake of the lengthy judgment by which it had ordered Twitter to amend almost all the clauses contained in its contractual documentation intended for French users – which we commented in an article entitled Unfair terms and personal data: Twitter sentenced by a French court – the Paris Court of First Instance ruled […]
There are many legal cases and court decisions concerning the exclusion of shareholders because disputes between shareholders are frequent and the exclusion sensitive to implement practice. While judges ensure strict compliance with the terms and conditions that govern the exclusion of shareholders, some legal tricks do enable to circumvent the inflexibility of the rules of […]
Published on April 25, 2018, Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Directive (EU) 2017/1132 as regards cross-border conversions, mergers and divisions has the objective to “provide specific and comprehensive procedures for cross-border conversions, divisions and mergers to foster cross-border mobility in the EU while, at the same time, […]
In 2018, the French Ministry of Labor published the pay gaps between men and women: a 9% differential in wage and 25% at the end of the career. Yet, as per the famous principle “equal pay for equal work”[1], the employer is required to ensure equality of remuneration between employees of either gender, as long […]
Since the entry into force of Regulation 1/2003[1] on May 1, 2014, the National Competition Authorities (“NCAs”) of the 27 Member States and the European Commission form the “European Competition Network” which aims at ensuring the effective enforcement of Articles 101 and 102 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (“TFEU”)[2]. 15 […]
In November 2018, the Direction Générale de la Concurrence, de la Consommation et de la Répression des Fraudes (General Directorate for Competition, Consumer Protection and Frauds) published the results of its investigation concerning compliance with the rules on economic protection of consumers in the electronic communications industry. The investigation revealed many breaches of French consumer […]
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